An ash conveying system is a system designed to transport high temperature ash generated during industrial processes, particularly in power plants, cement plants, or waste-to-energy facilities. Ash is a by-product of combustion in boilers or furnaces, and it needs to be efficiently and safely removed from the plant to prevent build up and ensure smooth operation.

Types of Ash Conveying Systems

1. Pneumatic Ash Conveying Systems:
   • These systems use air pressure to move ash through pipelines.
   • They are generally used for fly ash (fine particles) and are well-suited for long distances and varying elevations.
   • Advantages: Can transport ash horizontally, vertically, and over long distances; fewer moving parts.
   • Disadvantages: Requires a source of compressed air, which can be energy-intensive.
2. Mechanical Ash Conveying Systems:
   • Use mechanical equipment like screw conveyors, drag chains, or bucket elevators to move ash.
   • Advantages: Simple, reliable, and relatively low maintenance.
   • Disadvantages: Generally, only suitable for transporting bottom ash (coarser ash), and can take up more space due to the machinery required.

Components of an Ash Conveying System

• Ash Hopper: Collects ash from the combustion chamber or furnace.
• Conveyor Mechanism: The system that moves the ash (e.g., pneumatic pipes, screws, chains).
• Air Separator: In pneumatic systems, air is separated from the ash before being returned to the system.
• Ash Storage or Disposal: The final destination where ash is either stored for recycling or disposed of in landfills.

Why Ash Conveying is Important

• Efficiency: Ash build up in a boiler or furnace can reduce efficiency by obstructing airflow and heat transfer.
• Safety: Ash can be corrosive or hazardous, so proper handling and removal systems are critical.
• Environmental Compliance: Ash must be disposed of in a way that complies with environmental regulations to minimize air pollution and contamination of water resources. 

Common Applications:

• Power Plants: Coal, biomass, or waste-to-energy power plants generate large amounts of fly ash and bottom ash, requiring an efficient system for handling and disposal.
• Cement Plants: The ash from combustion can be used as a raw material in cement production, but it still requires a conveying system to move it.
• Waste-to-Energy Plants: These plants often generate significant amounts of ash, and having an effective conveying system ensures proper handling.